microstates¶
In statistical mechanics, a microstate refers to a specific configuration of a system at a microscopic level. For example, for a system of particles, a microstate specifies the position and momentum of each particle.
The number of microstates, denoted by $W$, is related to the entropy $S$ of the system through Boltzmann's formula:
$$ S = k_B \ln W $$
where:
- $S$: Entropy
- $k_B$: Boltzmann constant
- $W$: Number of microstates
A higher number of microstates corresponds to a higher degree of disorder or randomness in the system.